U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio told NATO allies on Thursday that Washington remained committed to the alliance but expected them to spend far more on defense and would give them some time to do so.
Rubio spoke as he met fellow NATO foreign ministers gathered in Brussels, with some European officials saying they were reassured by the renewed commitment to the alliance at a time of rising tensions over President Donald Trump’s new trade tariffs.
The Trump administration’s words and actions over the past months have raised questions about the future of NATO, the transatlantic alliance that has been the bedrock of European security for the past 75 years.
Rubio dismissed doubts about U.S. commitment to the alliance as “hysteria.”
“The United States is in NATO … The United States is as active in NATO as it has ever been,” he told reporters.
“He is not against NATO,” Rubio said of Trump. “He is against a NATO that does not have the capabilities that it needs to fulfill the obligations that the treaty imposes upon each and every member state.”
Trump has said the military alliance should spend 5% of gross domestic product on defense – a huge increase from the current 2% goal and a level that no NATO country, including the United States, currently reaches.
Washington has also bluntly told European countries that it can no longer be primarily focused on the continent’s security.
European allies have been anxiously seeking details on the timeframe and extent to which the U.S. aims to reduce its engagement in NATO for weeks, in order to coordinate the process of a European defense ramp-up to avoid security gaps in Europe.
In Brussels, Rubio brought some element of response on that.
“We do want to leave here with an understanding that we are on a pathway, a realistic pathway, to every single one of the members committing and fulfilling a promise to reach up to 5% of spending,” he said, adding that this included the United States. “No one expects that you’re going to be able to do this in one year or two. But the pathway has to be real.”
A European official, who spoke on condition of anonymity, said the meeting with Rubio was “very reassuring.”
“The meeting was not confrontational,” the official said. “Just that allies need to do more. No bashing.”
Still, reaching 5% of GDP spending on defense would be hard for many NATO allies.
According to NATO estimates, some of the continent’s big economies, such as Italy and Spain, are among those below the current 2% target, at around 1.5% and 1.3% respectively. Twenty-three of the alliance’s 32 members met or exceeded the 2% target last year.
“For the time being, I think 5% is probably too high,” Portuguese Foreign Minister Paulo Rangel told reporters, noting that Portugal – which spent 1.55% of GDP on defense last year – first needs to get to 2% and then have a plan to meet a new target the alliance will set at its next summit.
© Thomson Reuters 2025.
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